# Evolution of On-Chain Privacy

The history of blockchain privacy is a progression from obfuscation to computation.

* **Generation 1 (Obfuscation):** Projects like Dash introduced coin-mixing, simply blending funds to hide the trail.
* **Generation 2 (Zero-Knowledge):** Zcash and Monero utilized zk-SNARKs and Ring Signatures to mathematically prove a transaction occurred without revealing the details. However, these were limited to simple transfers; they could not support complex logic or shared states (like a decentralized exchange).
* **Generation 3 (Confidential Computation):** This is the TORUS era. The industry requires more than just private payments; it needs private applications.


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